The Surprising Stories Behind Three Filipino Phrases

Growing up, we’d often hear our parents and grandparents say “tao po,” “tabi-tabi po,” and/or “puwera usog.” While these Filipino phrases embody common courtesy, the stories behind them show something else: a rich history of traditional folklore and supernatural beliefs.

“Tao Po” = You’re Human

“Tao po” is one of the most common Filipino phrases, used when arriving at someone’s home to announce one’s presence. But according to historian Ambeth Ocampo, it carries a more unusual origin.

In precolonial times, Filipinos supposedly used the longer expression “tao po ako,” which translates to “I am human.” This distinguished them from the aswang and other supernatural beings. Back then, these beings were believed to be incapable of uttering this phrase, making it a way to reassure those inside that the visitor was human.

Over time, the expression was shortened to the “tao po” we’re all familiar with.

“Tabi-Tabi Po” = Respect to Unseen Spirits

Have you ever heard someone say “tabi-tabi po” while walking through tall grass, passing a tree, or entering an unfamiliar area? It’s associated with the traditional belief that unseen beings (engkantos) inhabit the natural world. The film Forgotten Island is a recent example of this.

The phrase roughly translates to “move aside,” announcing one’s presence and avoiding accidentally disturbing these beings. In Filipino folklore, offending them could supposedly result in unexplained illnesses or bodily discomfort. So it serves as a precaution rooted in the belief that humans should share their surroundings with whom they can’t see.

Puwera Usog = Countering Against Harm

“Usog” refers to an ailment thought to occur when someone greets or admires another person. Infants and children are often considered particularly vulnerable. So even if you mean well when you compliment a baby, you may be triggering this superstition.

To counter this perceived harm, people say “puwera usog,” essentially telling the “usog” to go away. It’s alternatively spelled as “pwera usog,” combining “usog” with the Spanish word “fuera,” meaning “away” or “out.”

READ: Celebrating 7 Oxford Pinoy Words

While they serve different purposes, these Filipino phrases each carry a story about how earlier generations understood the world around them. They also show how cultural traditions can survive: some still use them out of belief, while others say them out of habit or respect for family customs.